Rotterdam has undergone significant change in recent decades as its port has gradually moved away from the city centre, leaving behind large areas of underused industrial land. These spaces now present an opportunity for urban regeneration, and the approach to redevelopment ranges from large-scale, top-down planning to more organic, community-driven efforts. The shift from industrial waterfronts to a mixed-use urban landscape is particularly evident in  Kop van Zuid. This former harbour area has seen significant changes, with a focus on residential highrises, new architectural interventions, and an emphasis on connecting the city with the river Maas. Now gentrification has reached the once-industrial Katendrecht peninsula, which was historically known for its red-light district. Today, this area is seeing a mix of residential and commercial redevelopment, with projects such as the Fenix Lofts offering an example of how old warehouses can be repurposed to meet modern living standards.